Glossary of Terms Used in GIS-CAD Industry - 3

GIS: A geographic information system (GIS) integrates hardware, software, and data for capturing, managing, analyzing, and displaying all forms of geographically referenced information.

Geo-referencing: The process of proving a coordinate system to a layer of data. This often involves converting to a real-world coordinate system.

Geo database creation and updating: Design and create a new geo database and updating the features.

Geotechnical: Is the branch of civil engineering concerned with the engineering behavior of earth materials.

Ground Penetrating Radar Surveys (GPR): It is a geophysical method that uses radar pulses to image the subsurface. This non-destructive method uses electromagnetic radiation in the microwave band (UHF/VHF frequencies) of the radio spectrum, and detects the reflected signals from subsurface structures. GPR can be used in a variety of media, including rock, soil, ice, fresh water, pavements and structures. It can detect objects, changes in material, and voids and cracks.

Hydrographic survey: In its strictest sense is the process of gathering information about navigable waters for the purposes of safe navigation of vessels. It strictly applies to survey of any navigable waters, including lakes and rivers, but it is most commonly applied to marine navigation.

Hydrogeological Investigations: Are excavations for gravel pits or man-made lakes, re-routing streams or drains, analyzing impacts to wetlands, and determining whether a wetland is hydrologically connected to surface water bodies or groundwater. These types of projects may alter the local hydrologic conditions either by diverting water, changing the groundwater level and flow direction, or impacting water quality.

Image Processing: Is the use of computer algorithms to perform image processing on digital images.

Internet GIS: Internet based systems and services which have the task of saving, analyzing and visualizing space related data. It has functions of ordinary GIS but the access to it is via internet.

Industrial drawings: Industrial drawings contain auxiliary view, isometric, T-square and pictorial drawings.

Land use mapping: A map showing land-use classes as well as other earth surface features such as roads, bridges, water bodies, buildings, railway lines etc..

LIDAR data: LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) is an optical remote sensing technology that measures properties of scattered light to find range and/or other information of a distant target.

Map Data cleaning, updating and validating: Data processing, unmatched intersections, unsnapped lines, duplicate elements, and any other common or data-specific errors will all be removed and output to clean files.

Mosaicing: Image mosaics are collection of overlapping images together with coordinate transformations that relate the different image coordinate systems. By applying the appropriate transformations via a warping operation and merging the overlapping regions of a warped images, it is possible to construct a single image covering the entire visible area of the scene. This merged single image is the motivation for the term 'mosaic'.

Mechanical drawings: Mechanical design and mechanical drafting using AutoCAD (DWG, DXF), Micro Station (DGN), Adobe Illustrator (AI), Coreldraw (CDR), VectorWorks, etc. We can re-create new mechanical drawings from design data and sketches.

Non-destructive testing: Nondestructive testing (NDT) has been defined as comprising those test methods used to examine an object, material or system without impairing its future Usefulness.

Ortho rectification: Describing an image that has been ortho rectified to be geometrically corrected so that distances shown are uniform and can be measured like a map.

Ortho photograph: An orthophoto or orthophotograph is an aerial photograph geometrically corrected ("orthorectified") such that the scale is uniform: the photo has the same lack of distortion as a map.



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